Ntlafatso ea LED

Ntlafatso ea LED e tsoa ho li sibollo tsa laboratori ho isa phetohong ea mabone lefatšeng ka bophara.
- Mabone a lapeng :Mabone a LED, mabone a siling, mabone a tafoleng
- Mabone a khoebo :mabone a tlase, mabone, mabone a phanele
- Mabone a indasteri :mabone a merafo, mabone a phahameng a khantšitsoeng
-Mabone a ka ntle :mabone a seterateng, mabone a naha, mabone a matamo
- Lebone la likoloi :Mabone a LED, mabone a letsatsi, mabone a morao
- Bontša LED:sekirini sa papatso, Mini LED TV
- Mabone a khethehileng:Lebone la ho folisa UV, lebone la kholo ea semela

Matsatsing ana, re khona ho bona LED hohle bophelong ba rona, sena ke phello ea boiteko ba lilemo tse ka bang lekholo, re ka tseba feela nts'etsopele ea LED joalo ka mekhahlelo e 4:
1. Liphuputso tsa pele (maqalong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo -1960s)
- Ho sibolloa ha electroluminescence (1907)
Moenjiniere oa Brithani Henry Joseph Round o ile a qala ho bona electroluminescence holim'a likristale tsa silicon carbide (SiC), empa ha aa ka a ithuta ka botebo.
Ka 1927, rasaense oa Soviet Oleg Losev o ile a tsoela pele ho ithuta le ho hatisa pampiri, e nkoang e le "ntate oa khopolo ea LED", empa lipatlisiso li ile tsa sitisoa ka lebaka la Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše.

-The LED ea pele e sebetsang e hlahile (1962)
Nick Holonyak Jr., Moenjiniere oa Kakaretso oa Motlakase (GE) O ile a qapa leseli la pele le bonahalang la LED (leseli le khubelu, thepa ea GaAsP) .sena se tšoaea LED ho tloha laboratori ho ea khoebong, qalong e neng e sebelisetsoa lipontšo tsa lisebelisoa.

2. Phatlalatso ea mebala ea LED (1970s-1990s)
- Lieta tse tala le tse mosehla li ile tsa hlahisoa (1970s)
1972: M. George Craford (seithuti sa Holonyak) o qapa LED e mosehla (e khanyang ka makhetlo a 10).
Lilemong tsa bo-1980: Lisebelisoa tsa Aluminium, gallium le arsenic (AlGaAs) li ile tsa ntlafatsa haholo bokhoni ba li-leds tse khubelu, tse neng li sebelisoa mabone a sephethephethe le thepa ea elektronike.

- Phetoho e putsoa ea LED (1990s)
1993: Rasaense oa Lejapane Shuji Nakamura (Shuji Nakamura) ka Nichia chemical (Nichia) breakthrough gallium nitride (GaN) e thehiloeng LED e putsoa, ​​e hapile Moputso oa 2014 oa Nobel ka physics. Sena se tšoaea Blue LED + phosphor = LED e tšoeu, ho rala motheo oa mabone a kajeno a LED.

3. Ho tsebahala ha LED e tšoeu le mabone (2000s-2010s)
- Khoebo ea LED e tšoeu (2000s)
Nichia Chemical, Cree, Osram le lik'hamphani tse ling li ile tsa qala lisebelisoa tse tšoeu tse sebetsang hantle haholo hore butle-butle li nkele mabone a incandescent le a fluorescent.
2006: Khamphani ea American Cree e ile ea lokolla LED ea pele ea 100lm/W, e fetang matla a lebone a fluorescent.
(Ka 2006 Heguang Lighting e qala ho hlahisa lebone la LED ka tlas'a metsi)

- LED ho khanya ka kakaretso (2010s)
2010s: Theko ea LED e theohile haholo, 'me linaha ho pota lefatše li sebelisitse "thibelo ea makhooa" (joalo ka ha EU e ile ea tima mabone a incandescent ka 2012).
2014: Moputso oa Nobel oa Fisiks o fuoe Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano le Shuji Nakamura bakeng sa menehelo ho li-leds tse putsoa.

4. Theknoloji ea morao-rao ea LED (2020s ho fihlela joale)
- Mini LED & Micro LED
Mini LED: E sebelisoa bakeng sa TVS ea boleng bo holimo (joalo ka Apple Pro Display XDR), li-skrini tsa esports, lebone la morao-rao le ntlafalitsoeng haholoanyane.
Micro LED: lipikselse tse khantšang, li lebelletsoe ho nkela OLED sebaka (Samsung, SONY e phatlalalitse lihlahisoa tsa prototype).

- Mabone a bohlale le Li-Fi
Smart LED: mocheso oa 'mala o feto-fetohang, taolo ea marang-rang (joalo ka Philips Hue).
Li-Fi: Tšebeliso ea leseli la LED ho fetisa data, ka potlako ho feta Wi-Fi (laboratori e fihlile 224Gbps).

- UV LED le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng
Uv-c LED: E sebelisoa bakeng sa ho thibela likokoana-hloko (joalo ka lisebelisoa tse bolaeang likokoana-hloko tsa UV nakong ea seoa).
LED ea kholo ea limela: spectrum e ikhethileng ho ntlafatsa katleho ea temo.

Ho tloha ho "leseli la sesupo" ho ea "mabone a tloaelehileng" : katleho e eketsoa ka makhetlo a 1,000 mme litšenyehelo li fokotsehile ka 99%, ho tsebahala ha LED lefatšeng ka bophara ho fokotsa limilione tse makholo tsa lithane tsa CO₂ selemo se seng le se seng, LED e fetola lefatše! nakong e tlang, LED e ka fetola ponts'o, likhokahano, bongaka le liindasteri tse ling tse ngata! Re tla ema re bone!